western front ww2 casualties

[600] Confirmed losses of civilian sailors due to German attacks and mines. [nb 13]. With the fighting ended, the Germans began to consider ways of resolving the question of how to deal with Britain. [1] Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 5056million, with an additional estimated 1928million deaths from war-related disease and famine. Army total 1,140,429 killed and 295,247 wounded. There were only some local, minor skirmishes. 1961 (. 3133 (figure includes 170,000 German Jews). The Americans accidentally bombed neutral Switzerland during the war causing civilian casualties. Estonia's human losses due to the Soviet and German occupation of Estonia from 1940 to 1945 were approximately 67,000 persons based on a study by Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression. According to the College of Education of the University of South Florida "Approximately 11 million people were killed because of Nazi genocidal policy". Aufl., 1. & Jap. [195][196], The following figures are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, the authors maintain that "statistics on Gypsy losses are especially unreliable and controversial. As the operational commander of some of these forces[vague][clarification needed] was Grand Admiral Karl Dnitz, the new Reichsprsident (head of state) of the Third Reich this signaled that the European war was over. German casualties based on statistics collected during the war included 27,074 KIA, 18,384 MIA and 111,034 WIA. Over 11.4 million Soviet civilians within pre-1939 borders were killed, and another estimated 3.5 million civilians were killed in the annexed territories. Population Changes in Europe Since 1939, Geneva 1951.p.44-45. French aircraft losses were 560. The West German government did not list euthanasia victims along with the war dead. The majority of the British and elements of the French forces escaped at Dunkirk. , , ed. Egyptian military casualties were 1,125 killed and 1,308 wounded. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961 pp. Radiation Effects Research Foundation How many people died as a result of the atomic bombings? They place the ultimate blame for the mass flight and expulsion on the wartime policy of the Nazis in Eastern Europe. 2- The section Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy of October 31, 1945 put the losses at 375,000 killed and 625,000 wounded. Veritable and Grenade were planned to start on 8 February 1945, but Grenade was delayed by two weeks when the Germans flooded the Roer valley by destroying the gates of the Rur Dam upstream. The statistics tabulated by the CWGC are representative of the number of names commemorated for all servicemen/women of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth and former UKDependencies, whose death was attributable to their war service. Ed. Malaya & Singapore: 8,500, 2,900, (11,400) (1989); Gerhard Reichling, Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen, Teil 1, Bonn 1995 (revised ed), Christoph Bergner, Secretary of State of Germany's Bureau for Inner Affairs, outlines the stance of the respective governmental institutions in. Because of the decline in activity in the two port cities, the constant threat of incendiary raids, and the formal evacuation programs of the Government, an unknown number of the inhabitants had either drifter away from the cities or been removed according to plan. Russian sources report that the Soviets reported the POW deaths of 62,105 (61,855 Japanese and 214 collaborator forces) out of the 640,105 captured (609,448 Japanese and 30,657 collaborator forces). Philippines military losses were 57,000 including 7,000 KIA in 194142 campaign, 8,000 guerrillas KIA 194245 and 42,000 POWs(out of 98,000). 1939 German Soldiers With Time To Spare Thresh Wheat In France Ww2 Photo 7X9 . 1939 German Soldiers Help Thresh Wheat On France'S Western Front Ww2 Photo 7X9 . Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. [393][394][395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402], German government figures of 2.0 to 2.5million civilian deaths due to expulsions have been disputed by scholars since the publication of the results of the German church search service survey and the report by the German Federal Archive. 13, No. 3,700 Dutch nationals in the German armed forces and 7,500 missing and presumed dead in Germany and 16,000 deaths In May 1940, the Germans launched the Battle of France. These were built in anticipation of an Allied invasion of France. Ministero della Difesa Edizioni 1986 (in Italian). British losses totalled to 11,010 killed or missing, 14,070 wounded (only those who were evacuated have been counted), and 41,340 taken prisoner. Civilian losses due to attacks on merchant shipping were 470 merchant mariners and 502 passengers. They listed 210,000 direct war casualties in the Netherlands, not including the. Military deaths from all causes totaled 2125million, including deaths in captivity of about 5million prisoners of war. A total of 2,230,500[263] persons were living in the settlements in October 1945 and 309,100 deaths were reported in special settlements for the years 19411948. by Konrad Adenauer. By 1940, 48,773 were purged - 90 percent of its generals, 80 percent of its colonels, and half of its core commanders - leaving the army with unskilled officers, few trained leaders, and poor morale. There were 1,536 deaths among the 13,996 interned civilians in 194245. David M. Glantz, Siege of Leningrad 1941 1944 Cassell 2001. Historians often put forward many different estimates of the numbers killed and wounded during World War II. B. German forces, under express orders from Hitler, fought with a special vengeance against the Serbs, who were considered Untermensch. 3133. 73538. Deported during the War 19411945 about 2.3million persons of Soviet ethnic minorities including: Soviet Germans 1,209,000; Finns 9,000; Karachays 69,000; Kalmyks 92,000; Chechens and Ingush 479,000; Balkars 37,000; Crimean Tatars 191,014; Meskhetian Turks 91,000; Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians from Crimea 42,000; Ukrainian OUN members 100,000; Poles 30,000. (the figures of 2.8 million Jews and 3.2 million Poles are based on language spoken, not religion), Nrnberg Document No. The official Russian figure for total POW held by the Germans is 4,059,000; the number of Soviet, Conscripted reservists is an estimate of men called up, primarily in 1941, who were killed in battle or died as. The Breskens pocket on the southern bank of the Scheldt was cleared with heavy casualties by allied forces in Operation Switchback, during the Battle of the Scheldt. The German economist. Britain's Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, urged Eisenhower to continue the advance toward Berlin by the 21st Army Group, under the command of Montgomery with the intention of capturing the city. A Russian historian in a handbook of human losses in the 20th century has provided the following assessment of Bulgarian casualties:Military deaths: 2,000 military Axis occupation forces in Yugoslavia and Greece; 10,124 dead, Military casualties with the pro-Japanese, Library and Archives Canada puts military losses at 44,090 (24,525 Army, 17,397 Air Force, 2,168 Navy. Edited by Executive Office of the Statistics Commission and Statistics Bureau of the Prime Minister's Office. 1939 WWII Era France Soldiers in Observation Post . Thailand: 6,900, 100, (7,000) Airborne troops would fly in from the United Kingdom and take bridges over the main rivers of the German-occupied Netherlands in three main cities; Eindhoven, Nijmegen, and Arnhem. The US Third Army had fanned out to the east into western Czechoslovakia and southeast into eastern Bavaria and northern Austria. vs. U.K. and Netherlands 208,026 killed and 139,225 wounded. In Berlin, the Reichsbanner resistance organization identified possible drop zones for Allied paratroopers and planned to guide them past German defenses into the city.[43]. 2004/1, p. 4 (2,000,000), Gesamterhebung zur Klrung des Schicksals der deutschen Bevlkerung in den Vertreibungsgebieten, Mnchen: Zentralstelle des Kirchl. Demographic Research, Vol. Poland lost a total of 139,800 regular soldiers and 100,000. However, much was learned as a result of the operation these lessons would be put to good use in the subsequent invasion. [245] The Stalin regime deported the entire populations of ethnic minorities considered to be potentially disloyal. Out of 60,000 Indian Army POWs taken at the Fall of Singapore, 11,000 died in captivity. Losses of about 10,000 in the German Armed Forces are not included in these figures, they are included with German military casualties. Eng. Since the collapse of the USSR, Polish scholars have been able to do research in the Soviet archives on Polish losses during the Soviet occupation. U.S. Dept. Newfoundland lost 1,089 persons with U.K. and Canadian Forces during the war. The Survey believes the dead at Hiroshima to have been between 70,000 and 80,000, with an equal number injured; at Nagasaki over 35,000 dead and somewhat more than that injured seems the most plausible estimate. With an introd. On 4 April the encirclement was completed and the Ninth Army reverted to the command of Bradley's 12th Army Group. [7][8] The Red Army claimed responsibility for the majority of Wehrmacht casualties during World War II. by Konrad Adenauer. Japan Proper: 58,100, 45,800, (103,900) 33 Swedish sailors were killed when submarine HMS Ulven was sunk by a German mine on April 16, 1943. : (Human Losses of the USSR during the Second World War: a collection of articles). Stara Gradika was a sub-camp of Jasenovac established for women and children. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1996. [nb 12] World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered as separate theatres. 21st Army Group was then instead ordered to move northeast toward Bremen and Hamburg. Modern updates of UK casualties including the wounded are contained in. Presse- und Informationsamt. On 19 August 1942, the Allies began the Dieppe Raid, an attack on Dieppe, France. Page 202, "The Soviet-German War 19411945: Myths and Realities: A Survey Essay", US Army Battle Casualties and Non-battle Deaths in World War 2: Final Report, "The final stages of the naval war in north-west Europe", "12th Army Group Situation Map for 18 April 1945", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Front_(World_War_II)&oldid=1128633092, Occupation of most of Western and Northern Europe by Axis troops, Fall of Nazi Germany (concurrently with the, Liberation of occupied countries in Western and Northern Europe, One was an opportunity taken by US forces when the Germans failed to blow up the, In the Allied 6th Army Group area, the US Seventh Army assaulted across the Rhine in the area between, Gootzen, Har and Connor, Kevin (2006). German sources do not provide figures for Soviet citizens conscripted by Germany. The following notes summarize German expulsion casualties, the details are presented in the flight and expulsion of Germans (19441950), the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union' and the Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans. Because the Allied lines had become severely stretched in response to the crisis in the Ardennes, holding and throwing back the Nordwind offensive was a costly affair that lasted almost four weeks. Soviet sources list the deaths of 403 of the 2,377 Finnish. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. An American studies states that based off a sample of 12000+ Allied tank casualties from all theaters of WWII 54% of casualties were the result of gunfire. [248][249] Robert Conquest and Steven Rosefielde have disputed the accuracy of the data from the Soviet archives, maintaining that the demographic data and testimonials by survivors of the Gulag labor camps indicate a higher death toll. The Auckland War Museum puts the number of World War II dead at 11,671. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive strategic air war considered to be an additional front), which began in June 1944 with the Allied landings in Normandy and continued until the defeat of Germany in May 1945. It is said that the Russians could have won the Second World War without any support from the US or Commonwealth forces, above all because of their large quantity of produced T-34 tanks. 3-Included in these statistics are 322,807 POWs held by the US and UK. Stalin began purging the Red Army of its professional and skilled soldiers. 105658, Tables 608-09, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [etc.]. The Australian government does not regard. Informationen zur Klrung der Schicksale von Flchtlingen aus den. western front ww2 casualties. The OKW retained a substantial reserve of such mobile divisions also, but these were dispersed over a large area: the 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler was still Netherlands, the 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend and the Panzer-Lehr Division were located in the ParisOrleans area, since the Normandy coastal defence sectors or (Kstenverteitigungsabschnitte KVA) were considered the most likely areas for an invasion. Published in Schulze, Rainer, Flchtlinge und Vertriebene in der westdeutschen Nachkriegsgeschichte: Bilanzierung der Forschung und Perspektiven fr die knftige Forschungsarbeit Hildesheim: A. Lax, 1987. After the war ended deaths at the hands of the Red Army and local Chinese population were 185,000 Manchuria, 28,000 in North Korea and 10,000 on Sakhalin and the Kurile islands. Some 40 Irish citizens were killed by accidental, The Italian government issued an accounting of the war dead in 1957, they broke out the losses before and after the, Military losses in Italy after the September 1943. The World War II Databook, by John Ellis, 1993 p. 256. The official UK report on war casualties of June 1946 provided a summary of the UK war losses, excluding colonies. The greatest number of casualties and wounds were inflicted by artillery, followed by small arms, and then by poison gas. (German Federal Statistical Office), Germany reports. No sure count of even the prepaid populations existed. Netherlands figure listed in the table of 112,000 Jews taken from, Donald L. Niewyk, professor of history at Southern Methodist University, maintains that the Holocaust can be defined in four ways: first, that it was the genocide of the Jews alone; second, that there were several parallel Holocausts, one for each of the several groups; third, the Holocaust would include Roma and the handicapped along with the Jews; fourth, it would include all racially motivated German crimes, such as the murder of Soviet prisoners of war, Polish and Soviet civilians, as well as political prisoners, religious dissenters, and homosexuals. If all went well XXX Corps would advance into Germany without any remaining major obstacles. Bilanz der Forschung unter besonderer Bercksichtigung der Wehrmacht- und Vertreibungsverluste, in: Der Zweite Weltkrieg. German Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948. The crossing of the Moselle River and the capture of the fortress of Metz proved difficult for the American troops in the face of German reinforcements, supply shortages, and unfavorable weather. Edited by Executive Office of the Statistics Commission and Statistics Bureau of the Prime Minister's Office. 22629, journal published by Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland. MacDonald, C (2005), The Last Offensive: The European Theater of Operations. However, it lay at the end of the long Scheldt Estuary, and so it could not be used until its approaches were clear of heavily fortified German positions. The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy [citation needed], and Germany. Nor do the figures include additional deportations after the war). Germany reports. German Army GroupG surrendered to US forces at Haar, in Bavaria, on 5 May. U.S. (this paper was a presentation at an academic conference in Warsaw Poland in 1994), Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI-1994, Herausforderung Bevlkerung: zu Entwicklungen des modernen Denkens ber die Bevlkerung vor, im und nach dem Dritten Reich, Die Toten des Zweiten Weltkriegs in Deutschland. [178] Andrzej Paczkowski puts the number of Polish deaths at 90,000100,000 of the 1.0million persons deported and 30,000 executed by the Soviets. Albanian official statistics claim somewhat higher losses. Suchdienstes, 1965. The Hahn's maintain that the 473,013 confirmed deaths is a correct accounting of the losses. of Commerce) Washington 1953. p. 43 The U.S. Commerce Dept. Of this total 120,000 died and 160,000 were injured in the atomic bombings, leaving 213,000 dead and 313,000 injured by conventional bombing. Total losses reached an estimated 400,000 men. The war dead totals listed in the report are based on the research by the CWGC to identify and commemorate Commonwealth war dead. in Demographic Trends and Patterns in the Soviet Union Before 1991. people on Earth in 1940. F. Allied bombing of German supply lines caused civilian casualties. universitet (Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University). "Bataan, Corregidor, and the Death March: In Retrospect", "go to note on Polish Casualties by Tadeusz Piotrowski at the bottom of the page", "Victims of the Nazi Regime-Database of Polish citizens repressed under the German Occupation", Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2013-2014, "Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note-World War II- Europe Asia Studies, July 1994", "Population dynamics: consequences of regular and irregular changes", "Nazi persecution of Soviet Prisoners of War", "The extent of human losses USSR in the Great Patriotic War and Statistical Lynbrinth (in Russian)", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2014-2015, p. 38", "Cyprus Veterans Association World War II", "US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel Casualties in World War II", "Mariners in "ocean-going service" during World War II have Veteran Status. Germany (West). This report (HMSO 6832) listed: The preliminary 1945 data for UK colonial forces was killed 6,877, missing 14,208, wounded 6,972 and. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 234,874. Civilian war dead are included with the nations where they resided. The Netherlands War Graves Foundation maintains a registry of the names of Dutch war dead. Navy total 414,879 killed and 14,155 wounded and missing. Sankt-Peterburg 1995, Edwin Bacon, Glasnost and the Gulag: New information on Soviet forced labour around World WarII. pp. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[236]. [45], This article is about the West European theatre. The U.S. Bureau of the Census noted that the official Yugoslav government figure of 1.7million war dead was overstated because it "was released soon after the war and was estimated without the benefit of a postwar census". Andreev EM; Darsky LE; Kharkova TL, Population dynamics: consequences of regular and irregular changes. The Hahn's believe the official German figure of 2million deaths is an historical myth, lacking foundation. Military deaths included: 108 dead in the. Gruhl estimates POW deaths in Japanese captivity at 331,584. These latter groups were not thought worth much effort and were left "to rot", with the exception of Bordeaux, which was liberated in May 1945 by French forces under General Edgard de Larminat (Operation Venerable).[33]. D. The systematic extermination of large numbers of people for political, religious or racial reasons. Hellmuth Auerbach: Opfer der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft. However, in the meantime, the Allies took the war to Germany, with a strategic bombing campaign the US Eighth Air Force bombing Germany by day and RAF Bomber Command bombing by night. XIX Corps of the Ninth Army captured Magdeburg on 18 April and the US XIII Corps to the north occupied Stendal. The preliminary data for New Zealand losses was killed 10,033, missing 2,129, wounded 19,314 and. Demographer Boris Urlanis estimated Romanian war dead at 300,000 military and 200,000 civilians. Compiling or estimating the numbers of deaths and wounded caused during wars and other violent conflicts is a controversial subject. 139,800 regular Soldiers and 100,000 U.S. Commerce Dept Nazis in Eastern Europe breakout service! 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